Tony Griffitts

New lab webpage on AquaworldAquarium.com . The articles listed on this webpage are based on lab experiments. They introduce aquarium science to hobbyists and provide references to other scientific articles and research. The aquarium lab was started in November 2022, and the first article, based on experiment results, was published in September 2023.

The Maroon Clownfish ( Premnas biaculeatus ) is a common clownfish in Indonesia and the Philippines, typically found in bubble-tip anemones ( Entacmaea quadricolor ).  In every reef in the coral triangle I have explored, I have always found  Premnas biaculeatus   hosted  in  Entacmaea quadricolor . In November 2019, I visited Chindonan Island (Northern Palawan, Philippines) for the second time to video and photograph life on the shallow part of the reefs.  Chindonan Dive Resort  house reef is a Mecca for observing clownfish in nature. During this visit, I found several  Premnas biaculeatus  hosting in sebae anemone ( Heteractis crispa ). This is the only reef I have explored where this association occurred.  In some cases,  Premnas biaculeatus  were observed going between  Heteractis crispa  and nearby  Entacmaea quadricolor. This is the same pair from the previous photo of Premnas biaculeatus vis...

Published a new article.  "Biological Processes In Substrate - Maximizing the Potential Benefits of the Bottom of the Aquarium." I take a deep dive into the many beneficial biological processes that occur in aquarium substrates. This article provides insights into suitable substrates that can provide a home for many species of bacteria and archaea that can aid in denitrification and produce many micro and macronutrients bacteria and aquatic plants need. Biological Processes In Substrate - Maximizing the Potential Benefits of the Bottom of the Aquarium